Intro Quiz: How did developments in the New World contribute to the breakdown of relations between England and Spain?

Video: How did developments in the New World contribute to the breakdown of relations between England and Spain?

﻿Hello, and welcome to today's lesson with me, Miss Masson. We will be continuing our study of Elizabeth in England today. And looking specifically at how developments in the new world contributed to the breakdown of relations between England and Spain. All you'll need for today's lesson is a pen and a piece of paper. Before starting today's lesson, please ensure that you have a quiet environment available and that you have written down today's title which is on the screen. Please pause the video now to do so and resume when you're ready to start the lesson. So today we'll be looking specifically at how developments in the new world caused conflict between England and Spain. However, from our previous learning, we already know that there were other causes of conflict between the two countries, including religion, Catholic plots and the execution of Mary Queen of Scots. And I would like us to review that knowledge before beginning today's lesson. To do this I would like you to complete the sentences on the screen. So for each cause: religion, Catholic plots and the execution of Mary Queen of Scots I would like you to write a sentence explaining how that caused tension and conflict between the two countries. Please pause the video now to complete that task and resume when you're ready to go through the answers. So well done for completing your task. Now we're going to go through the answers. So religion was the first cause of conflict between England and Spain because Spain was a Catholic country and King Philip the second, who was the King of Spain disliked the protestant changes made to the church under Elizabeth the first. So that caused conflict between the two countries as they were following a different religion. The second cause of tension between these two countries was Catholic plots. Now that caused tension between England and Spain because King Philip the second of Spain had supported many of the Catholic plots, which had plans to overthrow Elizabeth the first in the 1570s and 1580s. And finally the third cause of conflict between the two countries was the execution of Mary Queen of Scots. Now that caused tension between England and Spain because King Philip, the second had supported many Catholic plots that wanted to put Mary Queen Scots on the throne. And when Mary Queen of Scots was executed in 1587 like it says there, her death angered King Philip of Spain. So those are the three causes of conflict that we know existed between the two countries already. If you'd like to pause the video now to adjust your answers based on what I've just told you, then please do so and resume the video when you are ready to move on. So we know again, that religion was a cause of conflict between England and Spain. So was the execution of Mary Queen of Scots. And today we'll be looking at how developments in the new world caused conflict between England and Spain. Looking particularly at how trade and disputes over territory caused conflict and also how something called privateering under people like Sir Francis Drake also caused the breakdown of relations between England and Spain. The increasing conflict between those two countries that meant they weren't really getting along at all during the period of time that we are talking about today. So that will be our question, how did developments in the new world contribute to the breakdown of relations between England and Spain? A lot of England's involvement in a place called the new world that we will discuss today can be explained due to Elizabeth's foreign policy aims. Foreign policy is a strategy that a monarch or government has in place to deal with their own country and its relationships with other countries and nations. Elizabeth's foreign policy aims can be divided into three separate aims. The first was security. Elizabeth wanted to protect England from a foreign invasion. The second aim was money. Elizabeth wanted to protect England's finances and make it wealthy. The third aim was trade. Elizabeth wanted to develop trade in Europe and beyond. I would now like you to pause the video and write down these aims. These will be relevant for the next activity resume the video when you're ready to move on to the next task. So what was the new world and how would it allow Elizabeth to achieve those foreign policy aims that you have just written down? So before the reign of Elizabeth the first England had very little involvement in global exploration. However, in the 16th century England's traditional trade in wool and cloth had been disrupted due to ongoing conflict in the Netherlands. Global exploration offered the chance to establish new trade opportunities. A particular area of interest in England was the new world. Areas in the Americas which were already largely controlled by Spain. The new world was making Spain an incredibly wealthy country and England too desired some of the wealth that could be made through trade in the new worlds. England was able to undertake increased exploration in the 16th century due to developments in technology. Ship design had improved which made it easier for ships to withstand the often long and dangerous journeys to the new world and the invention of something called the astrolabe made ships easier to navigate. So, now that we have discussed the new world, I would like us to revisit Elizabeth's foreign policy aims of trade, money and security. And I would like you to think about how the new world may help Elizabeth achieve those three foreign policy aims of trade, money and security. So your task is to complete the sentence. How could the new world help Elizabeth the first with those three aims? And you have got a sentence started there to help you. Please pause the video now to complete your task and resume when you're ready to go through the answers. Okay, now we're going to go through the answers. So question one, trade. Well exploration in the new world would allow England to develop new trade links. Question two money. England could make money through trade in the new world. So that would allow Elizabeth to achieve a foreign policy aim of protecting England's finances. And finally, question three. How could the new world help Elizabeth achieve her foreign policy aim of security? Well, money made through trade could be used to make England more secure. For instance, by growing its defences. Well done for completing your task and well done if any of your answers' similar to those. If you would like to pause the video now and add any more detail to your answers based on what I've just told you, then please do so and resume when you're ready to move on to the next task. So now I'm going to talk through the various actions that England took in the new world to achieve those foreign policy aims which actually contributed to conflict with Spain. And the breakdown of relations between the two countries. So the first course of conflicts that was created from the new world between England and Spain was due to rivalry over trade and territory. So like I previously mentioned England in the 16th century, relied heavily on the cloth and wool trade, which was based in Antwerp, which was in the Netherlands. But at this time the Netherlands were controlled by the Spanish and during Elizabeth's reign, there was a conflict there that disrupted trade and restrictions with wanting to restrict English trade there. Spain had already established a large overseas empire in the new world across the Americas. These territories made Spain rich through the export of goods, such as sugar and tobacco, mining and through the trade of enslaved Africans. England too wanted some of the wealth that the new world could offer. England began to establish a series of trading companies in the 16th century to set up more direct trade links with other countries in the new world and develop links with trading partners. Privateers such as Francis Drake also began to claim territory in the Americas under England's name, such as New Albion in North California. King Philip the second of Spain believed these actions were a direct challenge to Spanish control and dominance in the new world. Now I would like you to pause the video and complete the sentence below based on what you have just heard. You may add any details to your sentence that you believe are relevant. Resume the video when you've completed your task. Spain had... they controlled... this caused tension with England because... The second reason why the new world contributed to the breakdown of relations between England and Spain was due to a practise called privateering. Spain was already growing its wealth and power in the 16th century through the new world. And we know England also desired this wealth. However, Spain controlled trade in new worlds. And they rarely gave licences to rival countries like England to trade with them and their trading partners. In response Elizabeth's government licenced people called privateers. Privateers were individuals who routinely attacked Spanish ports and treasure ships to steal their treasure and goods. On one journey, Sir Francis Drake, who was a privateer brought back an estimated 400,000 pounds worth of Spanish treasure on one of his expeditions. King Philip, the second believed privateering was illegal and that it was the same as piracy. Attacks on Spanish ships caused damage to both Spain's finances and their Navy. King Philip the second was angered by this, as he saw it as an attack on Spain's interests in the new world. Now I would like you to pause the video and complete the sentence below based on what you've just heard adding any details from what I've just said that you believe were important. Please resume the video when you've completed this task. Privateering was when... this caused tension with Spain because... The third reason why the new world contributed to the breakdown of relations between England and Spain was due to the consequences of Drake's circumnavigation of the globe. Sir Francis Drake was one of the most famous English privateers during Elizabeth's reign. In 1577 he set off on an expedition on his ship called the Golden Hind. Although he didn't intend to, Drake became the second person to successfully circumnavigate the globe. Circumnavigate means to sail the whole way around something. On the voyage Drake and his crew had raided Spanish ports and ships and taken their treasure. When Drake returned to England in 1580 from this expedition, he came back with around 400,000 pounds worth of treasure which had been taken from a Spanish ports and ships he had attacked. This made both Drake and Elizabeth incredibly wealthy. However, King Philip, the second of Spain interpreted Drake's privateering as another attack on Spanish interests. And he demanded that Drake was punished for his actions. However, Elizabeth knighted Drake in 1580 for a reward for circumnavigating the globe and bringing back that huge amount of money. Now I would like you to pause the video and complete that sentence based on what I've just told you. You can add any details that sentence that you believe are important, and once you've done so, please resume the video to go on to the next task. Between 1577 and 1580 Sir Francis Drake... this caused tension with Spain because... So now that we have discussed how the new world contributed to the breakdown in relations between England and Spain, I would now like you to answer a series of comprehension questions which will extend and consolidate your knowledge and understanding of this topic. You will need to use the worksheet to answer these questions. The answers to questions one to four should be between about two to three sentences. And if you really want to challenge yourself, then please complete question five, the challenge question. Which should be about a paragraph in length. Please pause the video now to complete those comprehension questions and resume when you're ready to go through the answers. Okay. Now we're going to go through the answers to those comprehension questions. And I'm going to go through these as bullet points as things that you may have wanted to include, but please bear in mind that your answer should have been written in sentences. So question one, why did England undertake increased exploration in the 16th century? You could have mentioned any of the following. One reason was that England desired the wealth that Spain had made in the new worlds. England's traditional trade in wool and cloth had been disrupted by ongoing conflict in the Netherlands. So global exploration offered the opportunity for new trade links and opportunities to be established. And finally, it was able to undertake this increased exploration due to developments in technology, which made it possible such as improved ship design and the invention of the astrolabe. Pause the video now if you want to correct your answers or add any more detail and then resume when you're ready to go on to question two. So question two, how did countries like Spain gain wealth from the new world? Various different reasons why Spain was able to become wealthy from the new world. The first was through the export of goods that were produced in the new worlds such as sugar and tobacco. The second reason was through mining and the third reason was through the trade of enslaved Africans. Pause the video now if you want to correct your answers or add any more detail to them. Resume when you're ready to go on to question three. Okay. Question three Why did England engage in privateering in the new world? Okay. First reason again, because England also wanted some of the wealth that they had seen Spain making from new worlds. Spain rarely gave licences to rival countries like England to trade in the new world. So they found trade very difficult initially. Thirdly, because money made through privateering money could be made through it. And on one such voyage Francis Drake made 400,000 pounds from one of those journeys through attacking Spanish ships and ports. So huge amount of money could be made through privateering. And finally through privateering England could also damage Spain's finances and Navy. Okay remember those countries, there's a lot of conflict between them at this point. So it would also be beneficial to England to undertake privateering, to damage and weaken Spain as well. Okay, pause the video now, if you want to make any adjustments based on what I've just told you and resume when you're ready to go on to question four. Okay question four. What did Drake do during his voyage upon the Golden Hind between 1577 and 1580? Drake became the second person to successfully circumnavigate the globe. That meant that Drake sailed the whole way around the globe, even though when he set off on his expedition, he didn't really have any intention of doing that. He also was a privateer, so he attacked Spanish ports and ships seizing up to 400,000 pounds worth of treasure. And he also claimed a new territory in Elizabeth's name in North California, that he named New Albion. Okay so pause the video now if you want to add any more details to that and then resume when you're ready to talk through the challenge question. Okay, so the challenge question was to explain the consequences of England's exploration of the new worlds. Okay and I've put an example sort of paragraph that you may have written something similar to so we'll go through it together. So one consequence of England's exploration in the new world was that it caused conflict with Spain. For example, King Philip the second of Spain believed that privateering was a direct attack on Spanish interests in the new worlds. This was because English privateers like Sir Francis Drake stole huge amounts of Spanish treasure and also damaged Spanish ships. Okay but that's not everything you may have mentioned. I've also bullet pointed below other things you may have had in your answer. You could have also said that exploration allowed England to establish new trade routes. Okay that was the consequence. And second consequence was that exploration could make England rich. For example, privateers like Sir Francis Drake could gain an awful lot of money from privateering and on his voyage when he came back in 1580, he brought back 400,000 pounds worth of treasure stolen from Spanish ships and ports. Exploration also allowed England to damage Spain's interests through privateering and finally exploration allowed explorers such as Drake to claim territory under England's name. So any of those would have been good points to mention. And it's particularly good if you've managed to link those consequences back to that deteriorating relationship between England and Spain, because those actions in the new world are really important in explaining why that relationship was breaking down at this point in time. Okay well done for getting so far with the lesson and completing all of that hard work. Now, if you like to there is an extension activity for you to complete. And that is to explain how the new world contributed to the breakdown of relations between England and Spain. And if you want to complete that extension activity, if you really want to challenge yourself, there are some sentence starters on the screen to help you. The key word should give you an indication of some of the causes of conflict between the two countries that you may wish to include. So pause the video now as you complete your extension activity and then please resume when you're ready to go through the answers. Okay so on the screen I have put like a really good answer to this question for you to look at and compare to your own. I'll talk through the answer and explain why it's a really good response to that question. So one reason why the new world caused conflict between England and Spain was because of the rivalry it created. Both countries wanted to gain wealth and power from the new world. This caused conflict because it meant that England began to establish its own trading companies and territory, which Spain saw as a threat to their control in the new world. Another reason why the new world caused conflict between England and Spain was because of trade restrictions. This caused conflict because it led to privateers like Drake attacking Spanish ships and ports to gain their treasure. King Phillip the second of Spain viewed this as a direct attack on Spanish interests in the new worlds. So that's a really good response to that question because when it is discussing those different actions that England took in the new world, it's linking it back to those, that conflict that was developing between England and Spain. It's got a lot of specific detail in there about England's actions in the new world. So if your answer looks similar to that then well done, you may wish to pause the video now to make improvements to your answer based on what I've just told you if you so wish. So that brings us to the end of today's lesson, a massive well done on completing all of that work. It's fantastic. All that's left to do now is for you to complete your exit quiz for this lesson. And if you'd want to, you may ask your parents or carer to share your work by following the steps on screen. Again well done, and I look forward to learning more with you in our next lesson. Goodbye.

Worksheet: How did developments in the New World contribute to the breakdown of relations between England and Spain?

Exit Quiz: How did developments in the New World contribute to the breakdown of relations between England and Spain?

Completed: How did developments in the New World contribute to the breakdown of relations between England and Spain?

This lesson examines how developments in the New World contributed to the breakdown of relations with Spain. It will introduce the concept of the 'New World' in the 16th century and discuss the causes of the increased global exploration under Elizabeth I. It will then look at the role of different factors including trade and commercial rivalry, privateering and Drake's circumnavigation of the globe in contributing to escalating tension. It will consider how both King Philip II of Spain and Elizabeth I reacted to these developments.

History

Y10 History

Key Stage 4

Year 10

How did developments in the New World contribute to the breakdown of relations between England and Spain?

Elizabeth I: Meeting the challenge, 1558-1588

UNIT

Why did Elizabeth’s background and character impact on her early reign?

How was Elizabethan society structured and what challenges did it pose?

How was Elizabethan government structured and what challenges did it pose?

How bad were Elizabeth's financial problems?

What challenges did Elizabeth face from abroad?

Explore the enquiry: How challenging were Elizabeth's early years?

Why did the different religious groups concern Elizabeth?

How did Elizabeth's settlement try to deal with the religious problems?

How difficult was the settlement to enforce?

To what extent did Puritans and Catholics challenge the religious settlement?

How did the key foreign powers react to the settlement?

Why was Mary, Queen of Scots a problem?

Judgement lesson on the enquiries

What made the Northern Earls Revolt in 1569?

How significant a threat did the Revolt of the Northern Earls pose to Elizabeth?

How threatening were Catholic plots after 1570?

Why was Mary Queen of Scots executed in 1587?

Why did Elizabeth's relationship with Spain deteriorate due to political challenges?

How did Elizabeth's direct action provoke all-out war with Spain?

Why was the Spanish Armada defeated in 1588?

Explore the enquiries

How were people educated in Elizabethan society?

How did people's leisure time change during the Elizabethan period?

Why did poverty and vagabondage increase in Elizabethan England?

How well did Elizabeth deal with the problems of the poor?

What drove Elizabethans to explore the New World?

Why did the English want to colonise Virginia and how did Raleigh organise the project?

What was the impact of the colonisation of Virginia and why did it fail?

This lessons reviews Exploration and asks students to reach judgement about the success of it. The lesson then reviews more broadly how far Elizabeth met the challenge of her reign by looking over a number of central aspects that we have considered and then reaching an overall judgement as to how far Elizabeth did 'Meet the challenge' as per the overall title of the Elizabethan unit.

History

How did developments in the New World contribute to the breakdown of relations between England and Spain?

Introductory Quiz

Video

Worksheet

Final Quiz

Lesson Complete