Intro Quiz: How do headlands and bays form?

Video: How do headlands and bays form?

﻿Hello, my name is Miss Grocott, and welcome to lesson four in the coast unit of work. In today's lesson, we're going to have a look at the formation of headlands and bays. For today's learning, you're going to need a pen, a piece of paper, a pencil and if you've got one, a ruler as well. If you need time to go and get your equipment so that you're ready, pause the video now and resume it once you get back. You'll also need to make sure that you can try and be away if any distractions that are around you, such as phone notifications coming through your phone. So turn those off so that you can be fully concentrating on your learning today. Okay, so now we're ready to start the lesson. First thing you need to do is to write down your title. So your title for today's lesson, is how do headlands and bays form. And this is a question, so you need to write a question mark at the end of your title. Also, if you have one, you need to underline your title with your ruler. And then once you've done that, you're ready to go. So let's start the learning for today. Before we go on to look at how headlands and bays have formed, it's important that we understand what these coastal landforms look like. A headland is a section of land jutting out to the sea. We can see two headlands in this photograph. Do you think you can spot the headland in this photograph? That's right, there's one, and there's another one. And those two headlines look different to each other and that's due to the geology. And that's something we're going to look into a bit further later on. A bay is an area where the land has retreated, and we usually find beaches here. Do you think you can see a bay? That's right, here's the bay, in the middle of those two headlands. And a game that's retreated due to its geology and the destructive power of the waves. And we going to to look into that further as we go on into this lesson. Here's another photograph showing those coastal landforms. Do you think you can see any headland in this photograph? Point to the headlands that you can see. That's right, there's a headland and you might've picked out the other headland in the background of the photo as well. Have another look at this photograph now, do you think you can spot an area of land that has retreated that has a beach in it that we call a bay? Point on screen where you think the bay is. That's right, there we have a bay. So we're getting very good at spotting these coastal landforms in a photograph. So let's check what we've learnt so far then. What is the feature labelled A in the photograph? Is it a headland or is it a bay? Write down your answer or shout out your answer to me in five, four, three, two, and one. It was a bay. Well done if you've got that correct, it means you're already well on your way to learning about headlands and bays in today's lesson. Okay, so now you know what a headland and bays look like. We're going to now look at how they form. So we are going to look at three diagrams, and we're going to explain what is going on in each, in order for us to understand the formation of headlands and bays. So firstly, there are alternating layers of hard rock, like granite, and soft rock, like clay, along the coastline. So you can see in your diagram, the soft rock, then hardrock, then soft rock, then hardrock, then soft rock. And we call this alternating layers. You can also see hard rock and that might be a hard rock like granite. And you can also see soft rock, and that might be a softer rock like clay along this coastline. Destructive waves cause erosion to take place and erosional processes like hydraulic action erode the coastline. As the soft rock is less resistant, it erodes quickly, but the hardrock is more resistant to erosion, so it erodes slowly. And again, you can see this in the diagram. The softer rock is retreating quickly as it is less resistant to the erosional power of the destructive waves. And the hard rock is eroding slowly, and that's because it is more resistant to the destructive wave energy and processes like hydraulic action. As the soft rock retreats, it creates a bays, and as the hardrock remains, this creates the headlands. And you can see this in your diagram on the screen. The headlands are jutting out into the sea and the bays have retreated, and some beaches have formed in the bays, as this area becomes protected from the destructive wave energy and therefore deposition occurs. So the dropping off of sediment to create beaches within the bays. So let's just go over that again. Firstly, there are alternating layers of hardrock like granite, and soft rock like clay, along the coastline.

Destructive waves cause erosion to take place due to processes like hydraulic action. As the soft rock is less resistant, it erodes quickly, but the hardrock is more resistant so erodes slowly. As a soft rock retreats, it creates a bay. The hardrock remains and this creates a headland. So now it's over to you. What you need to do here is you need to draw the diagrams on your screen, including the labels. To do this, you're going to need a pencil, and if you have one, you are going to need a ruler. With your ruler and your pencil, what you need to do is to draw three boxes of equal size onto your piece of paper. Once you've done that, you need to copy each diagram into your boxes, making sure that you include detail and you include the labels in them. If you want to add colour, you can do if you have them, but with your pencil, one thing that is important to do is to shade the hardrock and soft rock. So shade the hardrock little bit heavier than you might shade the soft rock, so that you can see that these are two different rock types. If you want to challenge yourself a little bit further in this task, then next to or underneath each of your diagrams, write some bullet points to briefly suggest what is happening in each diagram. So for example, for the first diagram, underneath it or next to it, I might put something like alternating layers of hard rock and soft rock. So now it's your turn, pause the video to complete your task and resume the video once you're ready to carry on with your learning. So it's important in geography that when we learn about something, we learn about a specific example of it. So we're going to have a look at the Dorset coastline and a place called Swanage. In the photograph you can see, some headlands. Can you see them? And a bay. And then in the map you can see different colours and different places shown. So what is this actually showing us? Well, the map relates to the photograph as these are the same place. Where you can see your headlands, is where we find different types of rock on this coastline. So for example, Durlston head is made of limestone, that light brown colour you can can see. And this is a hard rock. And this is created the headland that we can see in the photograph. This type of rock is more resistant to erosion, and therefore, has eroding slowly creating a headland. We can also see a headland in the back of the photograph. And this is the headland that is made of chalk. And that is ballad point. Again, chalk is a hardrock, so it's more resistant to erosional power such as hydraulic action, and therefore erodes slowly causing another headland. Now these two headlands are made of different geology and this is something I wanted us to have a look at. The alternating layers of hard and soft rock, don't always have to be the exact same type of geology. They just have to be hard rock then soft rock. So for example, here, we can see it ballad point, we have chalk, which is a hard rock, and at Durlston head we have limestone, which is a hard rock. But then in the middle of that, we have Swanage Bay, which is a layer of clay and sand, which is a soft rock. So this is less resistant to erosion and erodes more quickly creating our bay. So you can see what we've learnt in this lesson, in this real like for example, on screen. And this is something you might want to use later on when we have a look at our main task. So we've made it to our main task, and our main task is to explain the formation of headlands and bays. But I've given you a little bit of help on this one. I've given you key terms to include in your writing. So we've got alternating layers, hard and soft, destructive waves, hydraulic action, soft rock less resistant, erodes quickly, hardrock resistant, erodes slowly, soft rock retreats, bay, hardrock remains, and headland. So what you need to do, is you need to make sure you've include all these key terms in your writing and you connect them together into sentences. But before you get started, let's have a look at an example of another student's work and let's see what was good about it and what we could improve to make the answer better. So here we have another student's answer. They said, firstly, there are alternating layers of hard and soft rock along the coastline. You can see that already, they've used two key terms from our key terms that we needed to include. Erosion takes place due to hydraulic action. Again, we've used another key term there, but we've missed out a key term there as well. What kind of wave causes erosion that needs to become before we talk about erosion, as a soft rock is less resistant, it erodes quickly, but the hardrock is more resistant. Again, we've used some really good key words in the writing there, but there's been some that have been missed. This creates headlands and bays. Now this is a good answer and we've used lots of the key terms, what we needed to include, but they've missed some, so let's see which ones they missed. We missed the destructive waves and we need to make sure we use destructive waves, before we talk about erosion, as destructive waves cause erosion. They've also missed the fact the hardrock is more resistant, so erodes slowly, we've missed out this key term. And then we've also gone on to say that this creates headlands and bays, we've missed out the fact that soft rock retreats to create a bay and the hardrock remains to create a headland. So you can see here that lots of the key terms that were needed to include or used in this answer, we need to add some extra information into the sequence in order for us to use all the key terms and to have a really good answer. So back to our main task then, can you include all the key terms in your work, in the correct savvy order to explain the formation of headland and bays. Pause the video now to complete your task and then resume once you're ready to check your answer. Did you do get? So your answer might look slightly different to this, but as long as you've put these key terms into the correct order and link them up into sentences, that make sense, then you can give yourself a tick for each one. So firstly, there are alternating layers, give yourself a tick for that, of hard and soft rock, another tick for that, along the coastline. Destructive waves, give yourself a tick for that one, cause erosion to take place due to hydraulic action, and there's another tick. As a soft rock is less resistant, another tick there, it erodes quickly, and another one. But the hardrock is more resistant, another tick for you there. So it erodes slowly and there you have another tick. As the soft rock retreats, give yourself a tick there, it creates a bay, and another one. The hardrock remains, another tick for that, and this creates a headland, and a final tick for including headland. Have you managed to use all of those key terms in your answer? Have you used them in the correct sequence so that your answer makes sense? If you have, given yourself a tick for all the places that you've included those key words, and if you want to stop here to add a bit more detail to your answer, please pause the video now to do that. Well done for completing your answer, I'm sure we've got some great explanations there. Well done for completing your lesson today. In today's lesson, you have looked at how headlands and bays form. You've been able to identify them on a photograph. You've drawn diagrams of how they form, and you've also explained how they form. And that's fantastic. In the next lesson, we will look at, the formation of a stack, and the formation of a stack happens on a headland. So it's really good that you've already got some knowledge about headlands. Make sure to test your knowledge that you complete the exit quiz on the way out to this lesson. You've been a fantastic geographer today and I hope you can join us again soon.

Exit Quiz: How do headlands and bays form?

Completed: How do headlands and bays form?

In this lesson we will be looking at how erosion and changes in the geology of an area lead to the formation of headlands and bays.

Geography

Y8 Geography

Key Stage 3

Year 8

Miss

How do headlands and bays form?

Coasts

UNIT

What are the features of a coastline?

What are the factors which influence waves?

How do waves shape the land?

What are the processes that lead to the formation of Stacks?

What is longshore drift?

How do spits form?

How do we prevent coastal erosion?

Should managed retreat have been used at Happisburgh?

Should hard engineering have been used at Mappleton?

What are the conflicts related to coastal management along the Holderness coast?

Geography

How do headlands and bays form?

Introductory Quiz

Video

Final Quiz

Lesson Complete