Intro Quiz: Should managed retreat have been used at Happisburgh?

Video: Should managed retreat have been used at Happisburgh?

﻿Hello, my name is Miss Grocott and welcome to lesson nine in the course unit of work. In today's lesson, we're going to look at whether managed retreat should have been used at Happisburgh? For today's lesson, you're going to need a pen, a piece of paper and a ruler if you've got one. So if you need to go and get this equipment, pause the video now and then resume it once you come back. You also need to be somewhere that's away from as many distractions as possible. So if you can find a quiet space to work in, move there now. Once you've done all that you're ready to start today's lesson. So the first thing that we need to do is we need to write down our title. So the title for today is, should managed retreat have been used at Happisburgh? Now Happisburgh is a place so it's going to need a capital letter and be careful of your spelling of Happisburgh. You'll also need a question mark at the end of the title as this is a question. If you've got a ruler on you, you can underline that to make your notes really, really neat. And once you've done that, you're ready to start today's lesson. So let's begin. Today we're going to be taking a look at a coastal location that has suffered from erosion and why the decision was made to pursue managed retreat in this area. We're going to be focusing on a place called Happisburgh. Happisburgh is located in East England on the northern Norfolk coastline. It is located between Sea Palling and Cromer. You can see Happisburgh location on the map of England and the map of the north Norfolk coastline on your screen. can you find Happisburgh on the map? Brilliant, now let's look further into why managed retreat was used here as a coastal management strategy for erosion. So why does Happisburgh need protecting from coastal erosion? Happisburgh is a small village with a population of approximately 1,400 people. Is directly on the coastline, which is eroding further inland each year. The cliffs at Happisburgh are made up of different types of soft glacial till. This means that the coastline is eroded quite easily, and some homes in Happisburgh have already been lost to erosion. Let's see what we've learned about Happisburgh so far. Which two of these statements are true about Happisburgh? We have option one. Happisburgh is a small village with a population of approximately 1,400 people. Option two, the cliffs at Happisburgh are made up of resistant chalk. Option three, Happisburgh is located between Sea Palling and Cromer. And option four, Happisburgh is located in West England. So I want you to pick out the two true statements and just write the option number or shout out to me in five, four, three, two and one. Shout your answer out to me if you'd like to. Okay, option one is true, Happisburgh is a small village with a population of approximately 1,400 people and option three is also true. Happisburgh is located between Sea Palling and Cromer. So option two and option four, were not true, they're false. But there's a mistake in each of those options. And if we change it, it will make the statement true. So what I'd like you to do here for a bit of an extra challenge, is that now I need you to focus on option two and option four. And I'd like you to find the mistake within the statements. And if you can, I'd like you to fix the mistake as well. So pause the video here to do that. And then resume it once you're ready to have a look at what the mistakes were. Okay, then, so hopefully for option two, you've got the cliffs at Happisburgh are not made up of chalk. So that was the incorrect part, they made of soft glacial till. So give yourself a tick if you've got that correct well done and for option four, Happisburgh is not located in West England. So there's the mistake. It's located in East England. So give yourself another big tick if you've got that correct. Well done on that task. It was really difficult but we're getting to know Happisburgh really well, we're going to move on to have a look at what management strategies have been used in Happisburgh in the past, and why now we're looking at managed retreat as an a management strategy for erosion. How has coastal erosion been managed in Happisburgh? As we've seen the cliffs on this coastline are easily eroded. And this means that in the past, the government has made attempts to use hard engineering strategies to slow down the rate of erosion on this coastline. In 1959, coastal defences were put in place to protect the residents and businesses of Happisburgh. Wooden groynes were built to trap sediment being transported by longshore drift in the hopes that a wider beach would absorb the waves energy before they reach the coastline. They also built revetments along the coastline to act as a barrier between the sea and the cliffs. However, by the 1980s, the defences were in need of repair, as they had been severely damaged by storms. And by 1996, more storm damage resulted in the loss of 400 metres of revetment at the end of Beach Road, which is one of the main roads in Happisburgh. A number of homes are now at risk of falling into the sea. In 2003, 400 metres of emergency rock armour was placed in front of Happisburgh to stop erosion. By 2005 the cost to repair and restore the defences at Happisburgh was proceed to coastline. Therefore, it was decided that managed retreat should be used at at Happisburgh. Managed retreat undoes human activity and removes coastal protection. This allows areas once protected from flooding to be flooded and eroded by the sea. This changes the shape of the coastline and can lead to many advantages and disadvantages for the area. We're going to look at how manage retreat has impacted Happisburgh. But before we go on to have a look at the advantages and disadvantages. Let's see if you are listening carefully. In what year was it decided that managed retreat should be used at Happisburgh. Was it 1959, 1996, 2003 or 2005. Write your answer down for me. Or shout out to me in three, two and one. Shout out to me if you'd like to. It was 2005 that managed retreat was decided to be used in Happisburgh. Well done if you've got that correct, It means you were listening really carefully. So let's now have a look at the advantages and disadvantages of managed retreat being used in Happisburgh. We have a table here with the advantages and disadvantages then, but there haven't been decided which has advantages and which has disadvantages yet. So what I'd like you to do first is I'd like you to draw the table and write the statements or just write the statements onto your piece of paper. Once you've done that, I'd like you to go through and decide if each one is an advantage or a disadvantage of managed retreat being used in Happisburgh. You can do this in two ways. You can use two colours and make a key like I have on screen. Or you can just write an A or a D next to each statement. It's up to you. So let's do one together to check that we know what we're doing. It will create a natural salt marsh habitat for plants and animals. Do we think that's a good thing, an advantage or a bad thing a disadvantage? That's right, brilliant. It is a good thing. It is an advantage of managed retreat being used in Happisburgh. So pause the video here to complete your task and then resume it once you're ready to check your answers. Have you paused your video and done your task? Brilliant, let's have a look at your answers then. Let's check your answers and so we said that number one: It will create a natural salt marsh habitat for plants and animals was an advantage. And that means that new wildlife will be introduced into the area. Statement number two, that tourism will be increased in the area because of the new wildlife in the salt marsh is also an advantage and this means that more money will be brought into the area. Number three, there will be a loss of farmland is a disadvantage. And this means that farmers livelihoods will be affected as they may lose their business and have to relocate. Statement four people will have to relocate when their homes are destroyed is a disadvantage. And this means that the community in Happisburgh will be disrupted. Statement five is an advantage, so we've got managed retreat is cheaper than building and maintaining the current sea defences. And this means that the money that would be spent on these could be spent elsewhere in the community. And then statement six, we've got a disadvantage, it will cost money to rebuild roads that have to be moved. And this means that the local government will have to spend money on rebuilding, which could be better spent on other things in the community. So well done if you've got those correct, you've done a great job there. If you've got an incorrect just make sure you pop in the correct answer now, so that you've got it for later on for your task. Okay, so we've made it to the main task now, and we need to use our advantages and disadvantages from the previous task to now complete these explanations. So for the main task, we need to explain two advantages and two disadvantages of managed retreat in Happisburgh. But before you do that, let's have a look at a model answer so that you know what you're doing when you're completing this task. Here we have a model answer for this question. I've only done one advantage and one disadvantage. So the other two are left for you to do for your answer. So one advantage of managed retreat in Happisburgh is that it will create a natural salt marsh habitat for plants and animals. That gets me one tick. So I've done a really good job there. And all I've done is put the advantage from the table that we've done previously into a nice sentence. However, to get the second tick for this, I need to develop that and explain what that means. So this means that new wildlife will be introduced into the area and I get my second tip for that one. Because I've explained what that means. Then I've gone on to say that one disadvantage of managed retreat and Happisburgh is that farmland will be lost. Again, I get a tick there for giving my point and saying what one disadvantage is and I've got that from the table that were completed earlier. But then I need to go on and explain. So I've said that this means that the farmers livelihood will be affected as they may lose their business or have to relocate. And that's where I get my second mark for that disadvantage. So, when you do yours, make sure you've got your point. So you say what one disadvantage or one advantage is, and then you get your development so you go on to explain, this means that. So it's over to you then for your main task. So you need to explain two advantages of managed retreat in Happisburgh and two disadvantages of managed retreat in Happisburgh. And I'd like you to do the two advantages and two disadvantages from your table that I haven't done. So don't do the ones that I've done just then in my model. If you need a little bit of help for this, there is support at the bottom of the screen. I've given you some sentence starters to help you in your answer. So use those If you need to. So pause the video here to complete your task, and then resume it once you're ready to check some of your answers. Okay, then so hopefully you had a really good job at that task. Let's have a look at your answers. So one advantage of managed retreat IN Happisburgh is that tourism will be increased in the area, because there's new wildlife in the salt marsh. You can give yourself a big tick if you've got that as one of your advantages. And then if you've gone on to explain what that means it might look different to mine, but you can give yourself another tick. If you've said something like, this means that more money will be brought into the area. So give yourself another big tick. If you've got something similar to that. Another advantage of managed retreat in Happisburgh is that it's cheaper than building and maintaining the current sea defences. Give yourself a tick if you've done that one. And this means that the money that will be used sorry, the money that would be spent on these can be spent elsewhere. So your development might look slightly different to mine but if you've gone on to say what that means and why it's an advantage, you can give yourself another tick. Let's look at the disadvantages then. So one disadvantage of managed retreat in Happisburgh is that people have to be relocated when their homes are destroyed. Give yourself a big tick if you've used that for either of your disadvantages. And then you've gone on to explain to say, this means that the community in Happisburgh will be disrupted. Give yourself another big tick, if you've said something similar to that. Another disadvantage of managed retreat in Happisburgh is it will cost money to rebuild roads that have to be moved. Give yourself a tick if you've got that one. And this means that the local government will have to spend money on rebuilding which could be better spent on other things in the community. So give yourself another tick if you've gone on to explain what that means. It might look different to mine, but it doesn't mean it's incorrect. So brilliant job on those explanations. You've done a really good job there. So let's go on now to see what some other people think about managed retreat being used in Happisburgh. So here we've got some different stakeholder views on managed retreat in Happisburgh. Now a stakeholder is a person who has a particular interest or stake in a situation. So in terms of managed retreat being used in Happisburgh, we've got stakeholder A, who is a resident from Stalham which is an area which is much further inland on the Norfolk coastline. Then we've got stakeholder B, who is a local business owner from Happisburgh. Stakeholder A says that spending money on sea defences is a waste of money. Managed retreat is the best option of Happisburgh. And stakeholder B says that money should be spent by the government to build hard engineering sea defences to protect Happisburgh. If managed retreat continues, I could lose my business. So what I want you to do is I want you to decide which stakeholder you agree with the most. Do you agree with stakeholder A, a resident from Stalham, or do you agree with stakeholder B, a local business owner from Happisburgh? For your final task here, I'd like you just to write down on your piece of paper, which stakeholder you agree with the most. So you could say something like, I agree with the resident from Stalham. And there's a bit of an extra challenge here. If you think you can, I'd like you to then go on to just briefly explain why you agree with that person. So for example, if I said I agree with the resident from Stalham, I agree with them. Because spending money on sea defences is a waste of money, then that will be perfectly fine. So pause the video here to complete that task, and then resume it once you're ready. Okay, great work there. You've made it to the end of the lesson now, so well done. In today's lesson, you've looked at managed retreat being used in Happisburgh. And you've looked at the advantages and disadvantages of it. And you've explained what they mean for Happisburgh. You've then gone on to look at two stakeholders, and you've decided who you agree with the most. And that's fantastic. In the next lesson, we're going to be looking at whether hard engineering strategies should have been used in a place called Mappleton. So to complete today's lesson, what you need to do is you need to complete your exit quiz on your way out, show me all the learning that You've done in today's lesson. You've been an absolutely fantastic geographer today and I hope to see you again soon.

Exit Quiz: Should managed retreat have been used at Happisburgh?

Completed: Should managed retreat have been used at Happisburgh?

In this lesson we will be looking at the advantages and disadvantages of managed retreat being used at Happisburgh.

Geography

Y8 Geography

Key Stage 3

Year 8

Miss

Should managed retreat have been used at Happisburgh?

Coasts

UNIT

What are the features of a coastline?

What are the factors which influence waves?

How do waves shape the land?

How do headlands and bays form?

What are the processes that lead to the formation of Stacks?

What is longshore drift?

How do spits form?

How do we prevent coastal erosion?

Should hard engineering have been used at Mappleton?

What are the conflicts related to coastal management along the Holderness coast?

Geography

Should managed retreat have been used at Happisburgh?

Introductory Quiz

Video

Final Quiz

Lesson Complete